Ethics by Benedictus de Spinoza
page 51 of 298 (17%)
page 51 of 298 (17%)
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far as it is considered in itself, without relation to the
object, has all the properties or intrinsic marks of a true idea. Explanation.-I say intrinsic, in order to exclude that mark which is extrinsic, namely, the agreement between the idea and its object (ideatum). DEFINITION V. Duration is the indefinite continuance of existing. Explanation.-I say indefinite, because it cannot be determined through the existence itself of the existing thing, or by its efficient cause, which necessarily gives the existence of the thing, but does not take it away. DEFINITION VI. Reality and perfection I use as synonymous terms. DEFINITION VII. By particular things, I mean things which are finite and have a conditioned existence ; but if several individual things concur in one action, so as to be all simultaneously the effect of one cause, I consider them all, so far, as one particular thing. AXIOMS I. The essence of man does not involve necessary existence, that is, it may, in the order of nature, come to pass that this or that man does or does not exist. II. Man thinks. |
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