seal hanging at the same, sealed in paper upon wax. This seal was
much like the broad seal of England, having on the one side the
image of a man on horseback in complete harness fighting with a
dragon.

Under this letter was another paper written in the Dutch tongue,
which was the interpretation of the other written in the Muscovian
letters. These letters were sent the next year after the date of
King Edward's letters, 1554.



THE COINS, WEIGHTS, AND MEASURES, USED IN RUSSIA
Written by JOHN HASSE in the year 1554.



Forasmuch as it is most necessary for all merchants which seek to
have traffic in any strange regions, first to acquaint themselves
with the coins of those lands with which they do intend to join in
traffic, and how they are called from the valuation of the highest
piece to the lowest, and in what sort they make their payments, as
also what their common weights and measures be. For these causes I
have thought good to write something thereof, according to mine own
knowledge and experience, to the end that the merchants of that new
adventure may the better understand how the wealth of that new
frequented trade will arise.

First, it is to be noted that the Emperor of Russia hath no other
coins than silver in all his land which goeth for payment amongst