principle of progress."

Here he paused, his pen suspended. He was on the point of referring
to the French book which he had read with so much profit of late,
and which now lay on the table before him. It might interest
Constance; she might like to know of it. He mused for some moments,
dipped his pen, and wrote on.

"But association means division of labour, and that labour may be
efficient there must be some one capable of directing it. What the
true Socialism has to keep in view is a principle of justice in the
balance of rights and duties between the few who lead and the
multitude who follow. In the history of the world hitherto, the
multitude has had less than its share, the ruling classes have
tyrannised. At present it's pretty obvious that we're in danger of
just the opposite excess; Demos begins to roar alarmingly, and
there'll be a poor look out for us if he gets all he wants. What we
need above all things is a reform in education. We are teaching the
people too much and too little. The first duty of the State is to
make citizens, and that can only be done by making children
understand from the beginning what is meant by citizenship. When
every child grows up in the knowledge that neither can the State
exist without him, nor he without the State--that no individual
can live for himself alone--that every demand one makes upon one's
fellow men carries with it a reciprocal obligation--in other
words, when the principle of association, of solidarity, becomes a
part of the very conscience, we shall see a true State and a really
progressive civilisation.

"I could point out to you the scientific (biological and zoological)