Onate, 1604, Crosses Arizona to the Colorado--A Remarkable Ancient
Ruin Discovered by Padre Kino, 1694--Padre Garces Sees the Grand
Canyon and Visits Oraibi, 1776--The Great Entrada of Padre Escalante
across Green River to Utah Lake, 1776--Death of Garces Ends the
Entrada Period, 1781.

In the historical development of the Basin of the Colorado four,
chief epochs are apparent. The discovery of the river, as already
outlined in previous chapters, is the first; second, the entradas of
the padres; third, the wanderings of the trappers; and fourth, the
expeditions of the explorers. These epochs are replete with
interesting and romantic incidents, new discoveries; starvations;
battles; massacres; lonely, dangerous journeys, etc., which can only
be touched upon in a volume of the present size. Dr. Coues placed the
diary of Garces, one of the chief actors of this great four-act
life-drama, in accessible shape, and had not his lamented death
interfered he would have put students under further obligation to him.

Preliminary to the entradas of the padres, Don Antonio de Espejo, in
1583, went from the Rio Grande to Moki and westward to a mountain,
probably one of the San Francisco group, but he did not see the
Colorado. Twenty-one years elapsed before a white man again ventured
into this region. In 1604, Don Juan de Onate, the wealthy governor of
New Mexico, determined to cross from his headquarters at the village
of San Juan on the Rio Grande, by this route to the South Sea, and,
accompanied by thirty soldiers and two padres, he set forth, passing
west by way of the pueblo of Zuni, and probably not seeing at that
time the celebrated Inscription Rock,* for, though his name is said
to be first of European marks, the date is 1606. From Zuni he went to
the Moki towns, then five in number, and possibly somewhat south of