contributed their share to the general result; and for that reason
the term 'Imperialism' is commonly employed to describe the spirit
which has led to this astonishing and world-embracing movement of
the modern age.

The terms 'Empire' and 'Imperialism' are in some respects
unfortunate, because of the suggestion of purely military dominion
which they convey; and their habitual employment has led to some
unhappy results. It has led men of one school of thought to
condemn and repudiate the whole movement, as an immoral product of
brute force, regardless of the rights of conquered peoples. They
have refused to study it, and have made no endeavour to understand
it; not realising that the movement they were condemning was as
inevitable and as irresistible as the movement of the tides--and
as capable of being turned to beneficent ends. On the other hand,
the implications of these terms have perhaps helped to foster in
men of another type of mind an unhealthy spirit of pride in mere
domination, as if that were an end in itself, and have led them to
exult in the extension of national power, without closely enough
considering the purposes for which it was to be used. Both
attitudes are deplorable, and in so far as the words 'Empire,'
'Imperial,' and 'Imperialism' tend to encourage them, they are
unfortunate words. They certainly do not adequately express the
full significance of the process whereby the civilisation of
Europe has been made into the civilisation of the world.

Nevertheless the words have to be used, because there are no
others which at all cover the facts. And, after all, they are in
some ways entirely appropriate. A great part of the world's area
is inhabited by peoples who are still in a condition of barbarism,