articles; and

3. *The name of the owner of copyright in the work*, or an abbreviation
by which the name can be recognized, or a generally known alternative
designation of the owner.

Example: (C in a circle symbol) 1999 Jane Doe

The "C in a circle" notice is used only on "visually perceptible"
copies. Certain kinds of works, for example, musical, dramatic, and
literary works, may be fixed not in "copies" but by means of sound in an
audio recording. Since audio recordings such as audio tapes and
phonograph disks are "phonorecords" and not "copies", the "C in a
circle" notice is not used to indicate protection of the underlying
musical, dramatic, or literary work that is recorded.

*The United States is a member of the Universal Copyright Convention
(the UCC), which came into force on September 16, 1955. To guarantee
protection for a copyrighted work in all UCC member countries, the
notice must consist of the symbol (C in a circle symbol)(the word
"Copyright" or the abbreviation are not acceptable), the year of
first publication, and the name of the copyright proprietor.
Example: (C in a circle symbol) 1999 John Doe. For information about
international copyright relationships, request Circular 38a,
"International Copyright Relations of the United States."


PHONORECORDS OF SOUND RECORDINGS

The copyright notice for phonorecords embodying a sound recording is