another, that it seemed necessary to each party to confirm their
own truth by ascribing to themselves infallibility. The
conception of one church only arose when there were two sides
divided and disputing, who each called the other side heresy, and
recognized their own side only as the infallible church.

If we knew that there was a church which decided in the year 51 to
receive the uncircumcised, it is only so because there was another
church--of the Judaists--who decided to keep the uncircumcised
out.

If there is a Catholic Church now which asserts its own
infallibility, that is only because there are churches--Greco-
Russian, Old Orthodox, and Lutheran--each asserting its own
infallibility and denying that of all other churches. So that the
one Church is only a fantastic imagination which has not the least
trace of reality about it.

As a real historical fact there has existed, and still exist,
several bodies of men, each asserting that it is the one Church,
founded by Christ, and that all the others who call themselves
churches are only sects and heresies.

The catechisms of the churches of the most world-wide influence--
the Catholic, the Old Orthodox, and the Lutheran--openly assert
this.

In the Catholic catechism it is said: "Quels sont ceux qui sont
hors de l'eglise? Les infideles, les heretiques, les
schismatiques." [Footnote: "Who are those who are outside the