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The Game of Logic by Lewis Carroll
page 24 of 121 (19%)
And now how are we to represent the contradictory Proposition "SOME x
are m"? This is a difficulty I have already considered. I think
the best way is to place a red counter ON THE DIVISION-LINE between
No. 11 and No. 12, and to understand this to mean that ONE of the
two compartments is 'occupied,' but that we do not at present know WHICH.
This I shall represent thus:--


-------------------
| | |
| _____|_____ |
| | | | |
| | -1- | |
| | | | |
-------------------

Now let us express "all x are m."

This consists, we know, of TWO Propositions,


"Some x are m,"
and "No x are m'."

Let us express the negative part first. This tells us that none
of the Cakes, belonging to the upper half of the cupboard, are to
be found OUTSIDE the central Square: that is, the two compartments,
No. 9 and No. 10, are EMPTY. This, of course, is represented by


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