on the other side the spectacle is very different." Few will deny
that slight organic differences, corresponding to these differences
of habit, are already perceptible; no Darwinian will deny that these
differences are likely to be inherited, and, in the absence of
intermarriage between the two colonies, to result in still more
typical difference than that which exists at present. According to
Mr. Darwin, the improved type of the more successful race would not
be due mainly to transmitted perseverance in well-doing, but to the
fact that if any member of the German colony "happened" to be born
"ever so slightly," &c. Of course this last is true to a certain
extent also; if any member of the German colony does "happen to be
born," &c., then he will stand a better chance of surviving, and, if
he marries a wife like himself, of transmitting his good qualities;
but how about the happening? How is it that this is of such
frequent occurrence in the one colony, and is so rare in the other?
Fortes creantur fortibus et bonis. True, but how and why? Through
the race being favoured? In one sense, doubtless, it is true that
no man can have anything except it be given him from above, but it
must be from an above into the composition of which he himself
largely enters. God gives us all things; but we are a part of God,
and that part of Him, moreover, whose department it more especially
is to look after ourselves. It cannot be through luck, for luck is
blind, and does not pick out the same people year after year and
generation after generation; shall we not rather say, then, that it
is because mind, or cunning, is a great factor in the achievement of
physical results, and because there is an abiding memory between
successive generations, in virtue of which the cunning of an earlier
one enures to the benefit of its successors?

It is one of the commonplaces of biology that the nature of the