sentence are made `slaves of punishment,' in freedmen con-
demned for ingratitude to their patrons, and in those who allow
themselves to be sold in order to share the purchase money
when paid. 2 Minor or intermediate loss of status is loss of
citizenship unaccompanied by loss of liberty, and is incident to
interdiction of fire and water and to deportation to an island.
3 The least loss of status occurs when citizenship and freedom
are retained, but a man's domestic position is altered, and is
exemplified by adrogation and emancipation. 4 A slave does
not suffer loss of status by being manumitted, for while a slave
he had no civil rights: 5 and where the change is one of dignity,
rather than of civil rights, there is no loss of status; thus it is no
loss of status to be removed from the senate.

6 When it was said that rights by cognation are not affected
by loss of status, only the least loss of status was meant; by the
greatest loss of status they are destroyed -- for instance, by a
cognate's becoming a slave -- and are not recovered even by
subsequent manumission. Again, deportation to an island,
which entails minor or intermediate loss of status, destroys
rights by cognation. 7 When agnates are entitled to be guard-
ians, it is not all who are so entitled, but only those of the
nearest degree, though if all are in the same degree, all are
entitled.

TITLE XVII
OF THE STATUTORY GUARDIANSHIP OF PATRONS

The same statute of the Twelve Tables assigns the guardianship
of freedmen and freedwomen to the patron and his children,