by his undergoing either of the greater kinds of loss of status,
by its improper exercise, and by its non-exercise during the
time fixed by law; all of which points are settled by our consti-
tution. It is also extinguished when surrendered to the owner
by the usufructuary (though transfer to a third person is in-
operative); and again, conversely, by the fructuary becoming
owner of the thing, this being called consolidation. Obviously,
a usufruct of a house is extinguished by the house being burnt
down, or falling through an earthquake or faulty construction;
and in such case a usufruct of the site cannot be claimed. 4
When a usufruct determines, it reverts to and is reunited with
the ownership; and from that moment he who before was
but bare owner of the thing begins to have full power over it.

TITLE V
OF USE AND HABITATION

A bare use, or right of using a thing, is created in the same
mode as a usufruct, and the modes in which it may determine
are the same as those just described. 1 A use is a less right
than a usufruct; for if a man has a bare use of an estate, he is
deemed entitled to use the vegetables, fruit, flowers, hay, straw,
and wood upon it only so far as his daily needs require: he
may remain on the land only so long as he does not incon-
venience its owner, or impede those who are engaged in its
cultivation; but he cannot let or sell or give away his right to a
third person, whereas a usufructuary may. 2 Again, a man
who has the use of a house is deemed entitled only to live in it
himself; he cannot transfer his right to a third person, and it
scarcely seems to be agreed that he may take in a guest; but