necessity of employing greater force to penetrate the ether in order
to generate stronger electrical waves. Oil and steam engines and other
appliances were called into use to create high frequency currents and
those necessitated the erection of large power stations. Several were
erected at advantageous points and the wireless system was fairly
established as a new agent of communication.

In December, 1901, at St. John's, Newfoundland, Marconi by means of
kites and balloons set up a temporary aerial wire in the hope of being
able to receive a signal from the English station in Cornwall. He had
made an arrangement with Poldhu station that on a certain date and at
a fixed hour they should attempt the signal. The letter S, which in
the Morse code consists of three successive dots, was chosen. Marconi
feverishly awaited results. True enough on the day and at the time
agreed upon the three dots were clicked off, the first signal from
Europe to the American continent. Marconi with much difficulty set up
other aerial wires and indubitably established the fact that it was
possible to send electric waves across the Atlantic. He found, however,
that waves in order to traverse three thousand miles and retain
sufficient energy on their arrival to affect a telephonic wave-detecting
device must be generated by no inordinate power.

These experiments proved that if stations were erected of sufficient
power transatlantic wireless could be successfully carried on. They
gave an impetus to the erection of such stations.

On December 21, 1902, from a station at Glace Bay, Nova Scotia, Marconi
sent the first message by wireless to England announcing success to
his colleagues.