comprised in one settlement, and that they may have contained about
1000 inhabitants. At Wangen, M. Lohle has calculated that 40,000
piles were used, probably not all planted at one time nor by one
generation. Among the works of great merit devoted specially to a
description of the Swiss lake-habitations is that of M. Troyon,
published in 1860.* (* "Sur les Habitations lacustres.") The number
of sites which he and other authors have already enumerated in
Switzerland is truly wonderful. They occur on the large lakes of
Constance, Zurich, Geneva, and Neufchatel, and on most of the
smaller ones. Some are exclusively of the stone age, others of the
bronze period. Of these last more than twenty are spoken of on the
Lake of Geneva alone, more than forty on that of Neufchatel, and
twenty on the small Lake of Bienne.

One of the sites first studied by the Swiss antiquaries was the
small lake of Moosseedorf, near Berne, where implements of stone,
horn, and bone, but none of metal, were obtained. Although the
flint here employed must have come from a distance (probably from
the south of France), the chippings of the material are in such
profusion as to imply that there was a manufactory of implements on
the spot. Here also, as in several other settlements, hatchets and
wedges of jade have been observed of a kind said not to occur in
Switzerland or the adjoining parts of Europe, and which some
mineralogists would fain derive from the East; amber also, which,
it is supposed, was imported from the shores of the Baltic.

At Wangen near Stein, on the Lake of Constance, another of the most
ancient of the lake-dwellings, hatchets of serpentine and
greenstone, and arrow-heads of quartz have been met with. Here also
remains of a kind of cloth, supposed to be of flax, not woven but