name of a male, a female, of an inanimate object or something which has
no distinction of sex.

_Case_ is that inflection of the noun which denotes the state of the
person, place or thing represented, as the subject of an affirmation or
question, the owner or possessor of something mentioned, or the object of
an action or of a relation.

Thus in the example, "John tore the leaves of Sarah's book," the
distinction between _book_ which represents only one object and _leaves_
which represent two or more objects of the same kind is called _Number_;
the distinction of sex between _John_, a male, and _Sarah_, a female, and
_book_ and _leaves_, things which are inanimate and neither male nor
female, is called _Gender_; and the distinction of state between _John_,
the person who tore the book, and the subject of the affirmation, _Mary_,
the owner of the book, _leaves_ the objects torn, and _book_ the object
related to leaves, as the whole of which they were a part, is called
_Case_.


ADJECTIVE

An _adjective_ is a word which qualifies a noun, that is, shows or
points out some distinguishing mark or feature of the noun; as, A
_black_ dog.

Adjectives have three forms called degrees of comparison, the _positive_,
the _comparative_ and the _superlative_.

The _positive_ is the simple form of the adjective without expressing