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Assyrian Historiography by A. T. (Albert Ten Eyck) Olmstead
page 67 of 82 (81%)
dealing with the events they narrate than is the group which has so
long been considered the standard. The first known was Cylinder A, a
decagon, whose lines divide the document into thirteen parts. It is
dated the first of Nisan (March) in the eponymy of Shamash dananni,
probably 644. [Footnote: G. Smith, _passim_, III R. 17 ff. RP¹,
IX 37 ff.; Menant, 253 ff.] Earlier scholars made this the basis of
study, but it has since been supplanted by the so called Rassam
cylinder, a slightly better preserved copy, found in the north palace
of Nineveh, and dated in Aru (May) of the same year. [Footnote:
BM. 91,026; Rm. 1; Photograph, Rogers, 555;
_Hist_. op. 444. V.R. 1-10; Abel-Winckler, 26 ff.; Winckler,
_Sammlung_, III; S.A. Smith, I. Jensen, KB. II. 152
ff. J.M.P. Smith, in Harper, 94 ff.; Lau & Langdon, _Annals of
Ashurbanapal_, 1903.] Still a third is dated in Ululu (September)
of this year. [Footnote: G. Smith, 316.]

That this document is by no means impeccable has long been
recognized. Already George Smith had written "The contempt of
chronology in the Assyrian records is well shown by the fact that in
Cylinder A, the account of the revolt of Psammitichus is given under
the third expedition, while the general account of the rebellion of
[Shamash shum ukin] is given under the sixth expedition, the affair of
Nebobelzikri under the eighth expedition, and the Arabian and Syrian
events in connection are given under the ninth expedition." [Footnote:
_Ibid_., 202 n.*] If this severe criticism is not justified by a
study of the Assyrian sources as a whole, the reference to Cylinder A
may well begin our consideration of the shortcomings of that
group. The Karbit and Urtaki episodes are entirely omitted. The
omission of Karbit has dropped the Manna from the fifth to fourth and
the omission of the latter has made the Teumman campaign the fifth
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