Meanwhile Carthage was not idle. After subduing the revolt of the
mercenaries in 237, she formed the project of obtaining SPAIN as
compensation for the loss of Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica. Hamilcar
Barca, by energetic measures, established (236-228) a firm foothold in
Southern and Southeastern Spain.

At his death, his son-in-law, Hasdrubal, continued his work. Many
towns were founded, trade prospered, and agriculture flourished. The
discovery of rich silver mines near Carthago Nova was a means of
enriching the treasury. After the assassination of Hasdrubal, in 220,
the ablest leader was Hannibal, son of Hamilcar. Although a young man
of but twenty-eight, he had had a life of varied experience. As a boy
he had shown great courage and ability in camp under his father. He
was a fine athlete, well educated in the duties of a soldier, and
could endure long privation of sleep and food. For the last few years
he had been in command of the cavalry, and had distinguished himself
for personal bravery, as well as by his talents as a leader.

Hannibal resolved to begin the inevitable struggle with Rome at once.
He therefore laid siege to Saguntum, a Spanish town allied to Rome. In
eight months the place was compelled to capitulate (219).

When Rome demanded satisfaction of Carthage for this insult, and
declared herself ready for war, the Carthaginians accepted the
challenge, and the Second Punic War began in 218.




CHAPTER XIV.