+Example+.--Oh! bloodiest picture in the book of time! +_Comma_+.--Set off
by the comma (1) a phrase out of its natural order or not closely connected
with the word it modifies; (2) an explanatory modifier that does not
restrict the modified term or combine closely with it; (3) a participle
used as an adjective modifier, with the words belonging to it, unless
restrictive; (4) the adjective clause, when not restrictive; (5) the adverb
clause, unless it closely follows and restricts the word it modifies; (6) a
word or phrase independent or nearly so; (7) a direct quotation introduced
into a sentence, unless _formally_ introduced; (8) a noun clause used as an
attribute complement; and (9) a term connected to another by or and having
the same meaning. Separate by the comma (10) connected words and phrases,
unless all the conjunctions are expressed; (11) independent clauses, when
short and closely connected; and (12) the parts of a compound predicate and
of other phrases, when long or differently modified.

+_Examples_+.--l. In the distance, icebergs look like masses of burnished
metal. 2. Alexandria, the capital of Lower Egypt, is an ill-looking city.
3. Labor, diving deep into the earth, brings up long-hidden stores of coal.
4. The sun, which is the center of our system, is millions of miles from
us. 5. When beggars die, there are no comets seen. 6. Gentlemen, this,
then, is your verdict. 7. God said, "Let there be light." 8. Nelson's
signal was, "England expects every man to do his duty." 9. Rubbers, or
overshoes, are worn to keep the feet dry. 10. The sable, the seal, and the
otter furnish us rich furs. 11. His dark eye flashed, his proud breast
heaved, his cheek's hue came and went. 12. Flights of birds darken the air,
and tempt the traveler with the promise of abundant provisions.

+_Semicolon_+.--Independent clauses (1) when slightly connected, or (2)
when themselves divided by the comma, must be separated by the semicolon.
Use the semicolon (3) between serial phrases or clauses having a common