obstetrics that the kidneys fail in their work more frequently during
the winter than the summer. To my mind, this is chiefly explained by
the way women dress. Even with light clothing the sweat glands
respond actively to the heat of summer and thus relieve the kidneys,
but in cold weather the sweat glands will not remove their share of
the waste products unless the clothing is warm.

Nature generally indicates that the body should be kept warm during
pregnancy. Many prospective mothers complain of perspiring freely;
others, if reproached because they are not clad warmly enough, reply
that they must wear light clothing to keep from perspiring. Thus they
discount or render absolutely ineffective a most important natural
safeguard against serious complications. It cannot be too strongly
emphasized that warm clothing helps to maintain healthful activity of
the kidneys quite as much as a proper amount of exercise and the
drinking of a suitable quantity of water.

The texture of the outer garments should take into account this same
quality of warmth; in other respects in selecting them personal taste
is an excellent guide. Outfitters carry a variety of maternity
garments; patterns for such garments are also sold by dealers, so
that those who cannot afford the ready-made clothes will find it easy
to have them made at home. Alterations in the clothing are compulsory
as pregnancy advances, and should be timely, made in anticipation of
inevitable development rather than in response to it. No prospective
mother need go to the extreme of "Reform Clothes"; her apparel should
illustrate both her good sense and her personal pride.

It is obviously even more harmful during pregnancy than at other
times to cramp the body by the clothing; the chest and the abdomen,