CHAPTER XIII
THE MENDICANT ORDERS

CHAPTER XIV
THE CHURCH AND THE HEATHEN

CHAPTER XV
GUELF AND GHIBELLINE (II)

CHAPTER XVI
THE FALL OF THE EMPIRE AND OF THE PAPACY

CHAPTER XVII
THE CHURCHES OF THE EAST



The Church and the Empire

Introductory


[Sidenote: Political thought in Middle Ages.]

The period of three centuries which forms our theme is the central
period of the Middle Ages. Its interests are manifold; but they almost
all centre round the great struggle between Empire and Papacy, which
gives to mediaeval history an unity conspicuously lacking in more
modern times. The history of the Church during these three hundred
years is more political than at any other period. In order to