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C. Sallusti Crispi De Bello Catilinario Et Jugurthino by 86 BC-34? BC Sallust
page 95 of 256 (37%)
atque focis suis certare. Homo militaris, quod amplius annos triginta
tribunus aut praefectus aut legatus aut praetor cum magna gloria in
exercitu fuerat, plerosque ipsos factaque eorum fortia noverat; ea
commemorando militum animos accendebat.

[336] _Canere_ is used in different ways: _tubicen canit signum_, 'the
trumpeter blows the signal;' _tubicen canit_, 'the trumpeter blows
(his instrument);' _signa canuntur_, 'signals are blown' or 'given;'
and lastly, _signa canunt_, 'the signals sound.' The last expression
is the one used in our passage.
[337] _Rupe aspera_, &c. 'For in accordance with the nature of the plain
between hills on the left-hand side, and on the right a rugged rock,
he drew up (only) eight cohorts in front.' A simpler construction
would have been _et rupem asperam a dextra_, but the manuscripts are
decidedly in favour of the ablative, which must be considered as an
ablative absolute, and as forming a distinct clause. Other editions
have the correction _rupis aspera_, 'the rough part of a rock'
(_aspera_ being the neut. plur.), but this is a poetical expression.
See Zumpt, S 435.
[338] Literally, 'The signals (_vexilla_) of the other cohorts he places
in the rear as a reserve, more closely together.' _Signa_ here
denotes the separate divisions of the troops; that is, the cohorts
and the three maniples in each cohort, which are distinguished from
one another by their flags or banners (_vexilla_). When an army was
drawn up in a spacious plain, a space was left between the several
divisions, but in this case, the plain being too narrow, there were
no such spaces.
[339] 'From among these who were drawn up as a reserve, he draws, for the
purpose of strengthening the van, all centurions, picked men (in
apposition), and the volunteers who had not been enlisted, as well as
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