nicely, but always burst out afresh the day preceding the regular
period. Forster speaks of a menstrual ulcer of the face, and
Moses two of the head. White, quoted by Barnes, cites an instance
of vicarious hemorrhage from five deep fissures of the lips in a
girl of fourteen; the hemorrhage was periodical and could not be
checked. At the advent of each menstrual period the lips became
much congested, and the recently-healed menstrual scars burst
open anew.

Knaggs relates an interesting account of a sequel to an operation
for ovarian disease. Following the operation, there was a
regular, painless menstruation every month, at which time the
lower part of the wound re-opened, and blood issued forth during
the three days of the catamenia. McGraw illustrates vicarious
menstruation by an example, the discharge issuing from an
ovariotomy-scar, and Hooper cites an instance in which the
vicarious function was performed by a sloughing ulcer. Buchanan
and Simpson describe "amenorrheal ulcers." Dupuytren speaks of
denudation of the skin from a burn, with the subsequent
development of vicarious catamenia from the seat of the injury.

There are cases on record in which the menstruation occurs by the
rectum or the urinary tract. Barbee illustrates this by a case in
which cholera morbus occurred monthly in lieu of the regular
menstrual discharge. Barrett speaks of a case of vicarious
menstruation by the rectum. Astbury says he has seen a case of
menstruation by the hemorrhoidal vessels, and instances of relief
from plethora by vicarious menstruation in this manner are quite
common. Rosenbladt cites an instance of menstruation by the
bladder, and Salmuth speaks of a pregnant woman who had her