resistance offered by the framework and rigging.

Airships known as the "Clement-Bayard" were also built about this
time. They were manufactured by the Astra Company in conjunction
with Monsieur Clement, a motor engineer.

In later days vessels were built by the Astra Company of the
peculiar design introduced by Senor Torres. These ships, some of
which were of considerable size, were highly successful, and we
became purchasers at a later date of several.

The Zodiac Company also constructed a number of small ships which
were utilized during the war for anti-submarine patrol. It
cannot be said, however, that the French have fulfilled their
early promise as airship designers, the chief reason for this
being that the airship is peculiarly suitable for work at sea and
the French relied on us to maintain the commerce routes on the
high seas and concentrated their main efforts on defeating the
Germans in the field, in which as all the world acknowledges they
were singularly successful and hold us under an eternal
obligation.


GERMANY

The progress and development of the airship in Germany must now
be considered; it will be seen that, although the production of
satisfactory ships was in very few hands, considerable success
attended their efforts in the early days of the twentieth
century.