As applied to a card, the calender rolls are both connected, one with
the negative and one with the positive pole; when the sliver of cotton
is between the calender rolls there is no connection, but if the sheet
breaks down between the cone and the calender roll, the moment the
calender rolls come in contact the electrical attachment operates and a
stoppage ensues; and in the case, as with the American system, where a
number of cards are used in a railway, this electric contact may be used
for either one of two purposes-to stop the feeding of cotton into the
card, or to ring a bell sharply and continue ringing it until the sliver
is put between the calender rolls again and the card set to delivering
cotton.

In drawing frames it may be attached so that, in the case of a breakage
between the front roll and the calender roll, the electric machine acts;
in the case of a lap upon one of the rolls or one end of the roll, or
in case of breakage of the sliver at the back of the machine, in either
case a stoppage would be instantly produced.

In being applied to the slubber a breakage either at the front or back
can be arranged for. Upon intermediates the breakage of either one of
the strands, if the machine was running two into one, from the creel to
the roller, would cause the stoppage of the machine, or the breaking or
tangling of ends between the front roll and the nose of the flier.

There are many other places where this motion can be applied. With
mechanical means we require motion; with electricity we require simple
contact of two differently arranged surfaces, and this can always be
had by letting the cotton drop out from between the rollers; no radical
changes are necessary, and we are glad to find that this electrical