chronic catarrh is commonly caused by diseased teeth, and injuries to the
wall of the maxillary sinus. In sheep, the larvae of the bot-fly may cause
catarrh.

_The early symptoms_ usually pass unnoticed by the attendant. The lining
membrane of the nostrils is at first dry and red. During this stage
sneezing is common. In a few days a discharge appears. This is watery at
first, but may become catarrhal, heavy, mucous-like and turbid. In severe
cases it resembles pus. The lining membrane of the eyelids appears red and
tears may flow from the eye. Sometimes the animal acts dull and feverish,
but this symptom does not last longer than one or two days unless
complicated by sore throat.

_Inflammation of the throat_ is a common complication of "colds." It is
characterized by difficulty in swallowing and partial, or complete loss of
appetite. Drinking or exercising causes the animal to cough. If the larynx
as well as the pharynx is inflamed, distressed and noisy breathing may
occur. Pressure over the region of the throat causes the animal pain.

Common "cold" terminates favorably within a week. Chronic catarrh may
persist until the cause is removed and the necessary local treatment
applied. Inflammation of the pharynx and larynx may persist for several
weeks unless properly treated. Abscesses may form in the region of the
throat. Horses frequently become thick winded as a result of severe attacks
of sore throat.

_The treatment_ is both preventive and curative. "Colds" and sore throat
can be largely prevented by good care, exercise and properly ventilated
stables. Mild cases require a light diet, comfortable quarters and a dry
bed. Allowing the animal to inhale steam three or four times daily is