medicine; and to supply the animal with food. An enema may be administered
by allowing water to gravitate into the rectum from a height of two or
three feet or by using an injection pump. In the larger animals several
feet of heavy walled rubber tubing carrying a straight nozzle at one end
should be used. In administering an enema, the rectum should be emptied out
with the hand and the nozzle of the syringe carried as far forward as
possible. The operator should be careful not to irritate or tear the wall
of the rectum.

Size of the Dose.--The doses recommended in the treatment of the different
diseases, unless otherwise stated, are for mature animals. The dose for a
colt one year of age is about one-third the quantity given the adult, two
years of age one-half, and three years of age two-thirds. In well-matured
colts a larger dose may be given. In cattle, the doses recommended are
about the same. In the smaller animals the size of the dose may be based on
the development and age of the animal. When the drug is administered at
short intervals or repeated, the size of the dose should be reduced. The
physiological action of some drugs may be changed by varying the size of
the dose.


QUESTIONS

1. Give a general description of preventive treatment.

2. By what channels may drugs be administered?

3. How are drenches administered?

4. How are solid drugs administered?