that, with a little Yeast, and a small Peg put into the Bung, which is to
be raised at Discretion when the Beer is drawing, or at other times to
give it Vent if there should be occasion: Others will put some Coal or
Wood Ashes wetted round this Bung, which will bind very hard, and prevent
any Air getting into or out of the Cask; but this in time is apt to rot,
and wear the Bung-hole by the Salt or Sulphur in the Ashes, and employing
a Knife to scrape it afterwards. Yet, for keeping Beers, it's the best
Security of all other ways whatsoever.

There is also a late Invention practised by a common Brewer in the Country
that I am acquainted with, for the safe Carriage of Drink on Drays, to
some distance without losing any of it, and that is in the Top Center of
one of these Bungs, he puts in a wooden Funnel, whose Spout is about four
Inches long, and less than half an Inch Diameter at Bottom; this is turned
at Top into a concave Fashion like a hollow round Bowl, that will hold
about a Pint, which is a constant Vent to the Cask, and yet hinders the
Liquor from ascending no faster than the Bowl can receive, and return it
again into the Barrel: I may say further, he has brought a Barrel two
Miles, and it was then full, when it arrived at his Customers, because the
Pint that was put into the Funnel, at setting out, was not at all lost
when he took it off the Dray; this may be also made of Tin; and will serve
from the Butt to the small Cask.

In the Butt there is a Cork-hole made about two Inches below the upper
Head, and close under that a piece of Leather is nailed Spout-fashion,
that jetts three Inches out, from which the Yeast works and falls into a
Tub, and when the working is over the Cork is put closely in, for the Bung
in the Head of the upright Cask is put in as soon as it is filled up with
new Drink: Now when such a Cask is to be broach'd and a quick Draught is
to follow, then it may be tapp'd at Bottom; but if otherwise, the Brass