blockading wall round Plataea. The work was completed towards the end
of September, and they then disbanded their army, leaving a force
sufficient to guard half the wall; for the Thebans, relentless in
their zeal against Plataea, took charge of the other half. The number
of the besieged was four hundred and eighty, of whom eighty were
Athenians, and a hundred and ten women to make bread for the garrison.




NAVAL VICTORIES OF PHORMIO

I

During the last half-century the art of naval warfare had made great
progress in Greece. The Greek war-galley, or trireme, a vessel
propelled by three banks of oars, had always been furnished with a
sharp-pointed prow, for the purpose of ramming an opponent's ship; but
many years elapsed before the Greeks attained genuine skill in the use
of this formidable weapon. According to the ordinary method of
fighting, after the first shock of collision the affair was decided by
the hoplites, or heavy-armed infantry, stationed on the decks of the
two contending ships; and in this manner was fought the engagement
between the Corcyraean and Corinthian. fleets which occurred in the
year before the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War. There the ship was
simply a vehicle, which served to bring the antagonists together, and
the rest was left to the prowess of the hoplites.

The Athenians were the first to abandon this crude and clumsy style of
fighting, and in the course of two generations their seamen had become