unfermented grape juice. We are not permitted to substitute anything
else in place of the earthly elements used by Christ in instituting this
sacrament.

THE BODY AND BLOOD OF CHRIST. When Christ gave His disciples the bread,
HE SAID, TAKE, EAT; THIS IS MY BODY, WHICH IS GIVEN FOR YOU. When He
gave them the wine, HE SAID, DRINK YE ALL OF IT; THIS CUP IS THE NEW
TESTAMENT IN MY BLOOD, WHICH IS SHED FOR YOU FOR THE REMISSION OF SINS.
Consequently, when we receive the bread in this sacrament, we receive
also the body of Christ; and when we receive the wine, we receive also
the blood of Christ. And we say of the Sacrament of the Altar, that

IT IS THE TRUE BODY AND BLOOD OF OUR LORD CHRIST, UNDER (along with) THE
BREAD AND WINE, GIVES UNTO US CHRISTIANS TO EAT TO AS IT WAS INSTITUTED
BY HIMSELF. The bread and wine _do not simply represent_ the body and
blood of Christ (Zwingli's view). The bread and wine are _not changed
into_ the body and blood of Christ (the Roman Catholic view, or
transubstantiation). The bread and wine are not united with the body
and blood of Christ into a third substance different from both
(consubstantiation). The bread and wine remain real bread and wine
throughout the administration of the Lord's Supper. [I Cor. 11:28] But
there is a communion of the bread and wine with the body and blood of
Christ, [I Cor. 10:16+] so that when the communicant receives the bread
he receives also the body of Christ, and when he receives the wine, he
receives also the blood of Christ. The bread and wine are the earthly
vehicles through which the heavenly gift of Christ's body and blood,
which were given, and shed for us for the remission of sins, are
communicated to us. [I Cor. 10:28, 29]

DOCTRINES COMPARED. The Reformed, Lutheran, and Roman Catholic doctrines