(1) Present-day Nara Prefecture.
[1] This name "Tokoyo" is indefinite. According to circumstances it may
signify any unknown country,-- or that undiscovered country from whose
bourn no traveler returns,-- or that Fairyland of far-eastern fable, the
Realm of Horai. The term "Kokuo" means the ruler of a country,-- therefore
a king. The original phrase, Tokoyo no Kokuo, might be rendered here as
"the Ruler of Horai," or "the King of Fairyland."
[2] The last phrase, according to old custom, had to be uttered by both
attendants at the same time. All these ceremonial observances can still be
studied on the Japanese stage.
[3] This was the name given to the estrade, or dais, upon which a feudal
prince or ruler sat in state. The term literally signifies "great seat."

RIKI-BAKA
(1) Kana: the Japanese phonetic alphabet.
(2) "So-and-so": appellation used by Hearn in place of the real name.
(3) A section of Tokyo.
[1] A square piece of cotton-goods, or other woven material, used as a
wrapper in which to carry small packages.
(4) Ten yen is nothing now, but was a formidable sum then.

INSECT STUDIES
BUTTERFLIES
(1) Haiku.
[1] "The modest nymph beheld her God, and blushed." (Or, in a more
familiar rendering: "The modest water saw its God, and blushed.") In this
line the double value of the word nympha -- used by classical poets both in
the meaning of fountain and in that of the divinity of a fountain, or
spring -- reminds one of that graceful playing with words which Japanese
poets practice.