against each other. These larger competing
units work against bogies of the same
character as do the individual ones. The whole
house may be keyed up to surpass previous
records or to attain some fixed standard.

To ascertain to what extent the principle
of competition was consciously employed by
business firms and what methods were used
to apply it in increasing the efficiency of the
men, a number of successful business firms
were asked the following questions:--

_How do you utilize competition in increasing
efficiency among your employees?_

(1) Do you regard it as unwise to stimulate
competition in any form?

(2) Do you encourage men to excel their
own records of previous years?

(3) Do you encourage competition between
men in the same department?

(4) Do you encourage competition between
your own departments?

(5) Do you encourage competition with