sacrifice their individuality to the whim or the
arbitrary rule of their superiors, in time lose
their ambition and initiative; and the organization
declines to a level of routine, mechanical
efficiency only one remove from dry-
rot.

_How Efficiency and Loyalty of Workers may be
Capitalized_

Conservation and development of individuality
in workers may be made an important
factor in creating loyalty as well as in directly
increasing efficiency. Great retail stores put
many department heads into business for
themselves, giving them space, light, buying
facilities, clerks, and purchasing and advertising
credit as a basis of their merchandising;
then requiring a certain percentage of profit
on the amount allowed them. The more successful
of Marshall Field's lieutenants were
taken into partnership and, as in the case of
Andrew Carnegie and his ``cabinet of young

geniuses,'' were given substantial shares of the
wealth they helped to create.

Some industries and stores carry this practice
to the point of making specialized departments
entirely independent of the general