characteristic virtues of Christians, by the practice of which they
imitate their divine Master and model, and come at last to be united
to Him in heaven. Christ was moved by charity to institute the Holy
Sacrament, and by humility to wash His disciples feet. Let us then
learn of him because He was meek and humble of heart, and let us love
one another, because Christ hath first loved us, and commands us to
love one another.

[Footnote 57: In Africa two were customary, one in the morning, and
the other after supper. S. August. ep. 54 ad Januarium.]

[Footnote 58: For an account of this ancient ceremony the reader
may see Fleury, Moeurs des Chretiens; _Funz. della Settimana Santa._
Martene, lib. IV, 22. etc.]

[Footnote 59: "Balsam is produced in the vineyards of Engaddi, and
in preparing chrism it is mixed with oil and consecrated by the
pontifical benediction, that all the faithful may be signed with this
unction at confirmation". Ven. Bede, in canlic. cap. I. The Greeks
bless the chrism on the same day as the Latins, having prepared it a
few days previously. See their Euchelogium, Ordo VIII entitled, On
the composition of the great ointment in the Costantinop. church ap.
Martene, loc. cit.]

[Footnote 60: Only one priest says mass in each on this day and
the other priests communicate, as on it Christ alone said mass, and
distributed the Holy communion to the apostles. Although for many
centuries both kinds were ordinarily received, yet the custom of
communicating under the form of bread alone is very ancient. Thus
in time of persecution the faithful used to carry to their houses