Carbon burned to | C 12 | CO 28 | 4,451 | 4.61 |
carbonic oxide. | | | | |
-----------------------+------------+------------+--------+----------+
Carbon burned to | C 12 | CO2 44 | 14,544 | 15.06 |
carbonic acid. | | | | |
-----------------------+------------+------------+--------+----------+
Carbonic oxide burned | CO 28 | CO2 44 | 4,326 | 4.48 |
to carbonic acid. | | | | |
-----------------------+------------+------------+--------+----------+
Olefiant gas (ethylene)| C2H4 28 | 2CO2 124 | 21,343 | 22.09 |
burnt in oxygen. | | 2H2O | | |
-----------------------+------------+------------+--------+----------+
Marsh gas (methane) | CH4 16 | 2CO2 80 | 23,513 | 24.34 |
burnt in oxygen. | | 2H2O | | |
-----------------------+------------+------------+--------+----------+

Composition of air--

by volume 0.788 N + 0.197 O + 0.001 CO2 + 0.014 H2O
----------------------------------------------------
by weight 0.771 N + 0.218 O + 0.009 CO2 + 0.017 H2O

This law is, however, subject to some apparent exceptions. Carbon
burned in protoxide of nitrogen, or laughing gas, N_{2}O, produces
about 38 per cent. more heat than the same substance burned in pure
oxygen, notwithstanding that the work of decomposing the protoxide of
nitrogen has to be performed. In marsh gas, or methane, CH_{4}, again,
the energy of combustion is considerably less than that due to the
burning of its carbon and hydrogen separately. These exceptions
probably arise from the circumstance that the energy of chemical