to be Brahman is referred to by means of a special word, in most cases a
nominative form [12]. From this rule there is in the preceding part of
the adhyâya only one real exception, viz. in I, 2, 1, which possibly may
be due to the fact that there a new pâda begins, and it therefore was
considered superfluous to indicate the introduction of a new topic by a
special word. The exception supplied by I, 3, 19 is only an apparent
one; for, as remarked above, Sûtra 19 does not in reality begin a new
adhikara/n/a. A few exceptions occurring later on will be noticed in
their places.--Now neither Sûtra 22 nor Sûtra 23 contains any word
intimating that a new Vedic passage is being taken into consideration,
and hence it appears preferable to look upon them, with Râmânuja, as
continuing the topic of the preceding adhikara/n/a.--This conclusion
receives an additional confirmation from the position of the next
adhikara/n/a, which treats of the being 'a span long' mentioned in
Ka/th/a Up. II, 4, 12; for the reason of this latter passage being
considered here is almost certainly the reference to the alpa/s/ruti in
Sûtra 21, and, if so, the a@ngush/th/amátra properly constitutes the
subject of the adhikara/n/a immediately following on Adhik. V, VI;
which, in its turn, implies that Sûtras 22, 23 do not form an
independent adhikara/n/a.--The two next adhikara/n/as are digressions,
and do not refer to special Vedic passages.--Sûtra 39 forms a new
adhikara/n/a, according to /S/a@nkara, but not according to Râmânuja,
whose opinion seems again to be countenanced by the fact that the Sûtra
does not exhibit any word indicative of a new topic. The same difference
of opinion prevails with regard to Sûtra 40, and it appears from the
translation of the Sûtra given above, according to Râmânuja's view, that
'jyoti/h/' need not be taken as a nominative.--The last two
adhikara/n/as finally refer, according to Râmânuja, to one Chândogya
passage only, and here also we have to notice that Sûtra 42 does not
comprise any word intimating that a new passage is about to be