Guatemala; also a bishopric (erected in 1538). Its capital bore the
same name.

[23] The vicar-general to whom these letters were addressed was named
Fr. Juan Crisóstomo Sevillano.--_Rev. T.C. Middleton, O.S.A._

[24] The original MS. is endorsed by some archivist: "Letter of
Captain Gabriel de Rivera to his Majesty, upon Philippine affairs;"
but the letter is evidently addressed to some official--perhaps the
viceroy of New Spain, or the president of the royal council.

[25] In a letter dated Manila, July 20, 1581, and signed by Amador
de Arriaran, Andres Cabchela, Salvador de Aldave, Luis de Vivanco,
Joan Manuel Pimentel, Juan Maldonado, Gabriel de Ribera, and Juan
Pacheco Amado, it is stated that Ribera is sent as procurador
[attorney]-general to the king to give account of the "affairs and
condition of this land." He is recommended to the king's consideration
as "one of the first who came to this exploration and pacification"
with Legazpi, and "has been able to give a good account of himself
in everything." The pressmark of this document, which exists in
Archivo General de Indias at Sevilla, is: "Simancas--Filipinas:
Descubrimientos, etc., años 1566 á 1586; Est. 1, caj. 1,
leg. 2|24." Morga says that Ribera was created Mariscal of Bonbon
while in Spain. The effect of his mission was the establishment of
the Audiencia of Manila, whose president was to fill the offices of
governor and captain-general of the islands. This was attained after
the death of Ronquillo, although that event was unknown in court at
the time.

[26] Gonzalo Ronquillo was governor from 1580 until his death in