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The Categories by Aristotle
page 38 of 52 (73%)
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(i) Pairs of opposites which fall under the category of relation
are explained by a reference of the one to the other, the
reference being indicated by the preposition 'of' or by some
other preposition. Thus, double is a relative term, for that
which is double is explained as the double of something.
Knowledge, again, is the opposite of the thing known, in the same
sense; and the thing known also is explained by its relation to
its opposite, knowledge. For the thing known is explained as that
which is known by something, that is, by knowledge. Such things,
then, as are opposite the one to the other in the sense of being
correlatives are explained by a reference of the one to the
other.

(ii) Pairs of opposites which are contraries are not in any way
interdependent, but are contrary the one to the other. The good
is not spoken of as the good of the bad, but as the contrary of
the bad, nor is white spoken of as the white of the black, but as
the contrary of the black. These two types of opposition are
therefore distinct. Those contraries which are such that the
subjects in which they are naturally present, or of which they
are predicated, must necessarily contain either the one or the
other of them, have no intermediate, but those in the case of
which no such necessity obtains, always have an intermediate.
Thus disease and health are naturally present in the body of an
animal, and it is necessary that either the one or the other
should be present in the body of an animal. Odd and even, again,
are predicated of number, and it is necessary that the one or the
other should be present in numbers. Now there is no intermediate
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