the mouth of the Sagadhoc, where Popham died during the
winter. As a result of his death this colony on the coast
of Maine was abandoned, but 1607 also saw the memorable
founding of Jamestown in Virginia. Equally celebrated is
Champlain's founding of Quebec in 1608. In 1609 the Dutch
under an English captain, Henry Hudson, had their first
glimpse of Manhattan.

This catalogue of voyages shows that an impulse existed
which governments could not ignore. The colonial movement
was far from being a dominant interest with Henry IV or
James I, but when their subjects saw fit to embark upon
it privately, the crown was compelled to take cognizance
of their acts and frame regulations. 'Go, and let whatever
good may, come of it!' exclaimed Robert de Baudricourt
as Joan of Arc rode forth from Vaucouleurs to liberate
France. In much the same spirit Henry IV saw De Monts
set sail for Acadia. The king would contribute nothing
from the public purse or from his own. Sully, his prime
minister, vigorously opposed colonizing because he wished
to concentrate effort upon domestic improvements. He
believed, in the second place, that there was no hope of
creating a successful colony north of the fortieth
parallel. Thirdly, he was in the pay of the Dutch.

The most that Henry IV would do for French pioneers in
America was to give them a monopoly of trade in return
for an undertaking to transport and establish colonists.
In each case where a monopoly was granted the number of
colonists was specified. As for their quality, convicts