have, two kinds of ghosts proper in their folk-lore: the spirits
of the dead, shiryo; and the spirits of the living, ikiryo. A
house or a person may be haunted by an ikiryo as well as by a
shiryo.

3 A special service,--accompanying offerings of food, etc., to
those dead having no living relatives or friends to care for
them,--is thus termed. In this case, however, the service would
be of a particular and exceptional kind.

4 The name would be more correctly written Ubo-Darani-Kyo. It is
the Japanese pronunciation of the title of a very short sutra
translated out of Sanscrit into Chinese by the Indian priest
Amoghavajra, probably during the eighth century. The Chinese text
contains transliterations of some mysterious Sanscrit words,--
apparently talismanic words,--like those to be seen in Kern's
translation of the Saddharma-Pundarika, ch. xxvi.

5 O-fuda is the general name given to religious texts used as
charms or talismans. They are sometimes stamped or burned upon
wood, but more commonly written or printed upon narrow strips of
paper. O-fuda are pasted above house-entrances, on the walls of
rooms, upon tablets placed in household shrines, etc., etc. Some
kinds are worn about the person;--others are made into pellets,
and swallowed as spiritual medicine. The text of the larger o-
fuda is often accompanied by curious pictures or symbolic
illustrations.

VIII