"Trans" means "at the other side, across", as "Li logxas trans la
rivero", He lives on the other side of the river. With the accusative it
means "to the other side", as "Li nagxis trans la riveron", He swam to
the other side of (across) the river.


"Preter" means "past, by", or "beyond;" it conveys the idea of coming
up from behind and passing on in front, as "Mi pasis preter via frato",
or "Mi preterpasis vian fraton", I passed your brother. The difference
between "tra", "trans", and "preter" is clearly shown by the sentence
"Trapasinte la arbaron, li preterpasis la pregxejon kaj tiam transpasis
la riveron per la ponto", Having passed through the wood, he passed by
the church, and then passed over the river by the bridge.

VOCABULARY.

kameno : hearth, fireside. momento : moment.
poto : pot. abato : abbot.
kaldrono : cauldron, kettle. penetr- : penetrate.
vaporo : steam, vapour. bol- : boil (as water boils).
hirundo : swallow. turn- : turn (a thing or oneself).
tunelo : tunnel. largxa : wide, broad.
oceano : ocean.

Li estas tiel dika, ke li ne povas trairi tra nia mallargxa pordo.
Sxi rigardis supren tra la mallume-blua akvo. Tra la palrugxa aero
lumis la stelo de la vespero. La sonado de la sonoriloj trapenetras
malsupren al sxi. Ili traglitas inter la brancxoj. Sur la kameno inter
du potoj staras fera kaldrono; el la kaldrono, en kiu sin trovas (or