This disease can be _prevented_ by eliminating spoiled feeds from the
ration fed to animals in our care. Early in the attack the necessary
attention to the ration and the feeding of a clean, nourishing ration is
sufficient to correct the disease. The quantity of water drunk by the
animal should be limited. Complete rest is indicated. Laxatives, stimulants
and tonics should be given if necessary.

NEPHRITIS.--Congestion and inflammation of the kidneys commonly occur in
mixed and specific infectious diseases, such as septicaemia, pyaemia and
influenza. The toxic effect of spoiled feeds, impure drinking water, and
irritating drugs like cantharides and turpentine may so irritate the
kidneys as to cause them to become inflamed. Chilling of the skin and
nervousness or extreme fear may sometimes cause a congestion of these
organs. Inflammation of the kidneys is a common complication of azoturia.
Irritation from parasites should be included among the causes of this
disease.

The _symptoms_ vary in the different stages of the disease. During the
period of active congestion the quantity of urine secreted is increased.
The scant secretion of urine, dark in color and thick or turbid, is
suggestive of an inflammation of the kidneys. The animal moves stiffly, the
back may be arched, urination is painful and the urine is passed in very
small amounts. The appetite is irregular or suppressed, the pulse strong at
first but later small and weak, and the body temperature is elevated. On
making a rectal examination we find the bladder empty and the kidneys
enlarged and sensitive.

When the kidneys become so badly diseased that they can no longer perform
their function of separating from the blood the nitrogenous end-products of
digestion, uraemic poisoning occurs. In this later stage of the disease the