animal staggers about if moved, and finally goes down in the stall and is
unable to get up. Death is usually preceded by convulsions and coma.

_The prognosis_ is very unfavorable, death occurring in the majority of
cases. In azoturia of horses and in infectious diseases, the inflammation
is nearly always acute. The color of the urine, its high specific gravity
and the small quantity passed are valuable symptoms to consider in the
recognition of this disease. Chronic inflammation generally develops slowly
and may not give rise to any very prominent symptoms at first.

_The preventive treatment_ of nephritis consists in careful nursing of
animals affected with acute infectious diseases, a clean water supply and
avoiding the feeding of spoiled feeds. The _curative treatment_ is largely
careful nursing. The animal should be given comfortable, well-ventilated
quarters and complete rest. Chilling of the skin should be especially
guarded against by protecting the body with heavy blankets and applying
roller bandages to the limbs when necessary. The diet must be of such a
nature as not to increase the work of the kidneys. For the first few days
the animal should receive very little feed or water. Later a sloppy diet of
sweet milk, green feed and mashes should be fed. Such purgatives as aloes
and Glauber's salts are indicated at a very early stage in the disease. We
must encourage the elimination of waste products by way of the skin in the
larger animals by vigorous rubbing, blanketing and the administration of
such drugs as pilocarpine. If the animal becomes weak, general and heart
tonics may be given.

CYSTITIS.--Inflammation of the bladder is not an uncommon disease of
horses. It is commonly _caused_ by retention of the urine, calculi in the
bladder and chilling of the body. Irritating drugs that are eliminated from
the body in the urine, and infection of the bladder by germs may cause it.