BIBLIOGRAPHY

Because of its great popularity, the _Pirke Abot_ has appeared in many
editions. There is no _Gemara_ (Talmudic commentary) on the _Abot_,
which undoubtedly accounts for the numerous commentaries on it (21).
Because of the attractiveness of its contents, and since it forms a
part of the ritual, it has been translated many times into many
tongues (22), and a great deal has been written on it. The following
bibliography will be helpful to the general reader and to the student
who wish to get a more detailed and intimate knowledge of the _Abot_
than can be imparted in this work.

(21) There are more than thirty-five. The best known is that
of Maimonides (1135-1204), which was written originally in
Arabic, as part of his commentary on the _Mishnah_. A
commentary has been attributed to Rashi. Other commentaries
are by (1) Rabbi Jacob ben Shimshon, found in the _Machzor
Vitry_ (see Taylor, _Introd._, p. 5; _Appendix_, p. 23; (2)
Rabbi Israel of Toledo, in Arabic (twelfth to thirteenth
century; see Taylor, _Introd._, p. 5, _Appendix_, p. 46 _et
seq.__; (3) Simon Duran (1361-1444), _Magen Abot;_ first
edition, Livorno, 1763; ed. Jellinek, Leipzig, 1855; (4)
Bertinora (died 1510), in his popular commentary on the
_Mishnah;_ (5) Isaac ben Judah Abrabanel, _Nachalot Abot;_ ed.
Constantinople, 1505; (6) Samuel de Uceda, _Midrash Shemual;_
venice, 1579, 1585, 1597, 1600, Cracow, 1594, Frankfurt a. M.,
1713, Warsaw, 1876; (7) Yom Tob Lippman Heller (1579-1654), in