Language - An Introduction to the Study of Speech by Edward Sapir
page 5 of 283 (01%)
page 5 of 283 (01%)
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Tendency for these types of concepts to flow into each other.
Categories expressed in various grammatical systems. Order and stress as relating principles in the sentence. Concord. Parts of speech: no absolute classification possible; noun and verb. VI. TYPES OF LINGUISTIC STRUCTURE The possibility of classifying languages. Difficulties. Classification into form-languages and formless languages not valid. Classification according to formal processes used not practicable. Classification according to degree of synthesis. "Inflective" and "agglutinative." Fusion and symbolism as linguistic techniques. Agglutination. "Inflective" a confused term. Threefold classification suggested: what types of concepts are expressed? what is the prevailing technique? what is the degree of synthesis? Four fundamental conceptual types. Examples tabulated. Historical test of the validity of the suggested conceptual classification. VII. LANGUAGE AS A HISTORICAL PRODUCT: DRIFT Variability of language. Individual and dialectic variations. Time variation or "drift." How dialects arise. Linguistic stocks. Direction or "slope" of linguistic drift. Tendencies illustrated in an English sentence. Hesitations of usage as symptomatic of the direction of drift. Leveling tendencies in English. Weakening of case elements. Tendency to fixed position in the sentence. Drift toward the invariable word. VIII. LANGUAGE AS A HISTORICAL PRODUCT: PHONETIC LAW |
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