which have a short vowel in English recent speech.

2. Words with _Ä­_ in Eng. that have _Å­_ in Aberdeen dialect:
_full_, "to fill"; _spull_, "to spill"; _buzness_ (cp. O.E.
_bȳsig_), "business"; _wutness_, "witness"; _wull_, "will"
(vb.); _wunna_, "will not"; _wutty_, "witty"; _chucken_,
"chicken"; _fusky_ (Gael. _usquebah_), "whiskey"; _sun_, "sin."

3. Words with _ōō_ (or _iu_) in Eng. have _ee_ (_ī_) in
Aberdeen dialect: _seer_ (O. Fr. _sur_), "sure"; _seen_, "soon";
_refeese_ (O. Fr. _refuser_), "refuse"; _peer_ (O. Fr. _poure_),
"poor"; _yeel_ (M.E. _ȝole_), "yule"; _reed_ (O.E. _rōd_),
"rood"; _eese_ (O. Fr. _us_), "use"; _shee_ (O.E. _scēo_),
"shoe"; _adee_, "ado"; _tee_, "too"; _aifterneen_, "afternoon";
_skweel_, "school"; _reet_ (O.E. _rōt_), "root";
_constiteetion_, "constitution." Cp. also _gweed_ (O.E. _gōd_),
"good." The _w_ in _gweed_, _skweel_, shows again the process of
change from _o_ to _ee_. _U_ in _buik_ and _w_ in _kwintra_ also
seem to represent the _u_-element that is left in the sound. In
words like _refeese_, _keerious_, etc., where _ee_ is from Fr.
_u_, the sound is quite easily explained. So _fusky_ from
_usquebah_. _Full_, from O.E. _fyllan_, and _buzness_ are
interesting.


18. INORGANIC _Y_ IN SCOTCH.

Many words have developed a _y_ where originally there was none.
This phenomenon is, however, closely connected with _e_-_i_-fracture
from original _ā̆_. _Y_ we find appears often before _a_ (from